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程式練習-1 程式碼練習 << Previous Next >> w11

程式練習-2 繪製國旗

1.繪製台灣國旗

#include <stdio.h>
#include <gd.h>
#include <math.h>
 
void draw_roc_flag(gdImagePtr img);
void draw_white_sun(gdImagePtr img, int x, int y, int size, int color);
 
int main() {
    // width 3: height 2
    int width = 1200;
    // 國旗長寬比為 3:2
    int height = (int)(width*2.0 / 3.0);
 
    gdImagePtr img = gdImageCreateTrueColor(width, height);
    gdImageAlphaBlending(img, 0);
 
    draw_roc_flag(img);
 
    FILE *outputFile = fopen("./../images/roc_flag_in_gd.png", "wb");
    if (outputFile == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error opening the output file.\n");
        return 1;
    }
    gdImagePngEx(img, outputFile, 9);
    fclose(outputFile);
    gdImageDestroy(img);
    return 0;
}
 
void draw_roc_flag(gdImagePtr img) {
    int width = gdImageSX(img);
    int height = gdImageSY(img);
    int red, white, blue;
    // 白日位於青天面積正中央, 因此中心點座標為長寬各 1/4 處
    int center_x = (int)(width/4);
    int center_y = (int)(height/4);
    // gdImageFilledEllipse 需以長寬方向的 diameter 作圖
    // 由於中央白日圓形的半徑為青天寬度的 1/8
    // 因此中央白日圓形的直徑為青天寬度的 1/4, 也就是國旗寬度的 1/8
    // 而且白日十二道光芒的外圍圓形其半徑也是國旗寬度的1/8
    int sun_radius = (int)(width/8);
    // 中央白日圓形的直徑等於十二道光芒外圍圓形的半徑
    int white_circle_dia = sun_radius;
    // 中央藍色圓形半徑為中央白日的 1又 2/15
    int blue_circle_dia = white_circle_dia +  white_circle_dia*2/15;
    // 根據 https://www.moi.gov.tw/cp.aspx?n=10621 訂定國旗三種顏色值
    red = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 0, 0); // 紅色
    white = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 255); // 白色
    blue = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 0, 0, 149); // 藍色
    // 根據畫布大小塗上紅色長方形區域
    gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, width, height, red);
    // 青天面積為整面國旗的 1/4, 也是採用長方形塗色
    gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, (int)(width/2.0), (int)(height/2.0), blue);
    // 先設法以填色畫出六個白色堆疊菱形
    draw_white_sun(img, center_x, center_y, sun_radius, white);
    // 利用一個藍色大圓與白色小圓畫出藍色環狀
    gdImageFilledEllipse(img, center_x, center_y, blue_circle_dia, blue_circle_dia, blue);
    gdImageFilledEllipse(img, center_x, center_y, white_circle_dia, white_circle_dia, white);
 
}
 
void draw_white_sun(gdImagePtr img, int center_x, int center_y, int sun_radius, int color) {
    // M_PI 大小定義於 math.h 標頭檔中, 因為三角函數中採用徑度為角度單位
    // 因此定義將角度轉為徑度的轉換變數為 deg, 角度值乘上 deg 就可轉為徑度
    float deg = M_PI/180;
    // 根據十二道光芒的每一尖角的角度為 15 度, 求出其對應直角三角形的另一角度為 75 度
    // 求出十二道光芒中任一菱形的 small radius, 也就是菱形的另一個對應小圓的半徑大小
    float sr = sun_radius/tan(75*deg);
    int ax, ay, bx, by, dx, dy, ex, ey;
    gdPoint points[4];
    
    ax = center_x;
    ay = center_y - sun_radius;
    bx = center_x - sun_radius*tan(15*deg);
    by = center_y;
    ex = center_x;
    ey = center_y + sun_radius;
    dx = center_x + sun_radius*tan(15*deg);
    dy = center_y;
    // 確定單一菱形區域的塗色正確後, 利用迴圈每次轉動 30 度, 總共轉六次即可塗上十二道光芒區域
    for (int i=1;i<=6;i++){
    // A
    points[0].x = ax+sun_radius*sin(30*deg*i);
    points[0].y = ay+sun_radius-sun_radius*cos(30*deg*i);
    // B
    points[1].x = bx+sr-sr*cos(30*deg*i);
    points[1].y = by-sr*sin(30*deg*i);
    // E
    points[2].x = ex-sun_radius*sin(30*deg*i);
    points[2].y = ey-(sun_radius-sun_radius*cos(30*deg*i));
    // D
    points[3].x = dx-(sr-sr*cos(30*deg*i));
    points[3].y = dy+sr*sin(30*deg*i);
    // 對菱形區域範圍塗色
    gdImageFilledPolygon(img, points, 4, color);
    // 在菱形區域外圍畫線, 明確界定菱形範圍
    gdImagePolygon(img, points, 4, color);
    }
}

2. 繪製美國國旗
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gd.h>
#include <math.h>// 函數聲明
void draw_usa_flag(gdImagePtr img);
void draw_star(gdImagePtr img, int x, int y, int size, int color, double rotation_angle);int main() {
// 設置圖像寬高
int width = 800;
int height = (int)(width / 1.9);// 創建一個真彩色圖像
gdImagePtr img = gdImageCreateTrueColor(width, height);
gdImageAlphaBlending(img, 0);// 繪製美國國旗
draw_usa_flag(img);// 打開輸出文件
FILE *outputFile = fopen("./../images/usa_flag.png", "wb");
if (outputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "打開輸出文件時出錯。\n");
return 1;
}// 將圖像保存為PNG文件
gdImagePngEx(img, outputFile, 9);
fclose(outputFile);
gdImageDestroy(img);return 0;
}void draw_usa_flag(gdImagePtr img) {
int width = gdImageSX(img);
int height = gdImageSY(img);
int red, white, blue;
// 國旗顏色
red = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 178, 34, 52); // 紅色條紋
white = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 255); // 白色條紋
blue = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 60, 59, 110); // 藍色矩形int stripe_height = height / 13;
int stripe_width = width;
int star_size = (int)(0.0308 * height); // 星星大小// 繪製紅白條紋
for (int y = 0; y < height; y += stripe_height) {
if (y / stripe_height % 2 == 0) {
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, y, stripe_width, y + stripe_height, red);
} else {
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, y, stripe_width, y + stripe_height, white);
}
}// 繪製藍色矩形
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, width * 2 / 5, stripe_height * 7, blue);int star_spacing_x = (int)(0.129 * height); // 橫向星星之間的間距
int star_spacing_y = (int)(0.054 * height); // 縱向星星之間的間距
int star_start_x = (int)(0.125 * height); // 星星的起始X位置
int star_start_y = (int)(0.0485 * height); // 星星的起始Y位置// 繪製星星
for (int row = 0; row < 9; row++) {
int starsPerRow = (row % 2 == 0) ? 6 : 5;// 計算2、4、6和8排星星的偏移量
int offset_x = (row % 2 == 0) ? star_spacing_x / -2 : 0;for (int star = 0; star < starsPerRow; star++) {
int x = star_start_x + star * star_spacing_x + offset_x;// 旋轉角度（以弧度為單位）
double rotation_angle = M_PI / 5; // 忘記多少度的旋轉int y = star_start_y + row * star_spacing_y;
draw_star(img, x, y, star_size, white, rotation_angle);
}
}
}void draw_star(gdImagePtr img, int x, int y, int size, int color, double rotation_angle) {
gdPoint points[10];for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
double angle = M_PI / 2 + i * 2 * M_PI / 10 + rotation_angle;
int radius = (i % 2 == 0) ? size : size / 2;
points[i].x = x + radius * cos(angle);
points[i].y = y + radius * sin(angle);
}// 用指定的顏色填充星星
gdImageFilledPolygon(img, points, 10, color);
}

3. 繪製日本國旗

#include <stdio.h>
#include <gd.h>
#include <math.h>

void draw_japan_flag(gdImagePtr img);

int main() {
int width = 800;
int height = 600;

gdImagePtr img = gdImageCreateTrueColor(width, height);
gdImageAlphaBlending(img, 0);

// 將背景填充為白色
int white = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 255);
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, width, height, white);

// 繪製日本國旗
draw_japan_flag(img);

FILE *outputFile = fopen("Y:/home_ipv6/japan_flag.png", "wb");
if (outputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "打開輸出文件時出錯。\n");
return 1;
}

// 保存圖像
gdImagePngEx(img, outputFile, 9);
fclose(outputFile);

// 銷毀圖像
gdImageDestroy(img);

return 0;
}

void draw_japan_flag(gdImagePtr img) {
int width = gdImageSX(img);
int height = gdImageSY(img);

// 計算日本國旗的位置和尺寸
int red = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 178, 34, 52); // 紅色圓圈
int circle_diameter = (int)(0.6 * height);

// 手動調整圓圈的位置，這裡進行了微調
int circle_x = (width - circle_diameter) / 2 + 175;
int circle_y = (height - circle_diameter) / 2 + 190;

// 繪製紅色圓圈
gdImageFilledEllipse(img, circle_x, circle_y, circle_diameter, circle_diameter, red);
}


4. 繪製德國國旗

#include <stdio.h>
#include <gd.h>

void draw_france_flag(gdImagePtr img);

int main() {
int width = 900;
int height = 600;

gdImagePtr img = gdImageCreateTrueColor(width, height);
gdImageAlphaBlending(img, 0);

// 將背景填充為白色
int white = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 255);
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, width, height, white);

// 繪製法國國旗
draw_france_flag(img);

FILE *outputFile = fopen("Y:/home_ipv6/france_flag.png", "wb");
if (outputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "打開輸出文件時出錯。\n");
return 1;
}

// 保存圖像
gdImagePngEx(img, outputFile, 9);
fclose(outputFile);

// 銷毀圖像
gdImageDestroy(img);

return 0;
}

void draw_france_flag(gdImagePtr img) {
int width = gdImageSX(img);
int height = gdImageSY(img);

// 計算法國國旗的條紋寬度
int stripe_width = width / 3;

// 設定顏色
int blue = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 0, 35, 149);
int white = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 255);
int red = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 239, 65, 53);

// 繪製藍色條紋
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, stripe_width, height, blue);

// 繪製白色條紋
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, stripe_width, 0, 2 * stripe_width, height, white);

// 繪製紅色條紋
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 2 * stripe_width, 0, width, height, red);
}



5.繪製英國國旗

#include <stdio.h>
#include <gd.h>
#include <math.h>

// 函數原型
void draw_uk_flag(gdImagePtr img);
void fillTriangle(gdImagePtr img, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, int x3, int y3, int color);

int main() {
// 設定國旗的寬和高
int width = 1200;
int height = width / 2;

// 創建圖像
gdImagePtr img = gdImageCreateTrueColor(width, height);
gdImageAlphaBlending(img, 0);

// 繪製英國國旗
draw_uk_flag(img);

// 將圖像保存到文件
FILE *outputFile = fopen("./../images/uk_flag.png", "wb");
if (outputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "打開輸出文件時發生錯誤。\n");
return 1;
}
gdImagePngEx(img, outputFile, 9);
fclose(outputFile);
gdImageDestroy(img);

return 0;
}

// 繪製英國國旗的具體實現
void draw_uk_flag(gdImagePtr img) {
int width = gdImageSX(img);
int height = gdImageSY(img);

int red, white, blue;
red = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 204, 0, 0); // 紅色
white = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 255); // 白色
blue = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 0, 0, 153); // 藍色

// 填充整個圖像為藍色背景
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, width, height, blue);

// 繪製白色斜線和紅色斜線
{
int line_thickness = 100;
gdImageSetThickness(img, line_thickness);

int x1, y1, x2, y2;

// 繪製白色斜線
x1 = 0;
y1 = 600;
x2 = 1200;
y2 = 0;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, white);

x1 = 0;
y1 = 0;
x2 = 1200;
y2 = 600;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, white);
}
{
int line_thickness = 33;
gdImageSetThickness(img, line_thickness);

// 繪製紅色斜線
int x1, y1, x2, y2;

x1 = 566;
y1 = 300;
x2 = 1166;
y2 = 0;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, red);

x1 = 1233;
y1 = 600;
x2 = 633;
y2 = 300;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, red);

x1 = 566;
y1 = 300;
x2 = -33;
y2 = 0;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, red);

x1 = 600;
y1 = 316.5;
x2 = 0;
y2 = 616.5;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, red);
}
{
int line_thickness = 33;
gdImageSetThickness(img, line_thickness);

int x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3;

// 繪製斜線
x1 = 0;
y1 = 600;
x2 = 1200;
y2 = 0;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, red);

x1 = 1200;
y1 = 16.5;
x2 = 600;
y2 = 316.5;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, white);

x1 = 0;
y1 = 583.5;
x2 = 600;
y2 = 283.5;
gdImageLine(img, x1, y1, x2, y2, white);
}

// 繪製白色十字
int cross_width = width / 32;
int cross_arm_width = width / 32;
int center_x = width / 2;
int center_y = height / 2;

gdImageFilledRectangle(img, center_x + 2.7 * cross_width, 0, center_x - 2.7 * cross_width, height, white);
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, center_y + 2.7 * cross_arm_width, width, center_y - 2.7 * cross_arm_width, white);

// 繪製紅色十字
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, center_x + 1.5 * cross_width, 0, center_x - 1.5 * cross_width, height, red);
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, center_y + 1.5 * cross_arm_width, width, center_y - 1.5 * cross_arm_width, red);
}



6.繪製中國國旗

#include <stdio.h>
#include <gd.h>
#include <math.h>
  
void draw_proc_flag(gdImagePtr img);
  
int main() {
    int width = 300; // 國旗寬度
    int height = 200; // 國旗高度
  
    gdImagePtr im = gdImageCreateTrueColor(width, height);
    gdImageAlphaBlending(im, 0);
  
    draw_proc_flag(im);
  
    FILE *outputFile = fopen("./../images/proc_flag.png", "wb");
    if (outputFile == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "打開輸出檔案時出錯。\n");
        return 1;
    }
  
    gdImagePngEx(im, outputFile, 9);
    fclose(outputFile);
    gdImageDestroy(im);
  
    return 0;
}
  
// 聲明 draw_star 函數
void draw_star(gdImagePtr img, int x, int y, int size, int color, double rotation_angle);
  
void draw_proc_flag(gdImagePtr img) {
    int width = gdImageSX(img);
    int height = gdImageSY(img);
    int red, yellow;
  
    // 國旗顏色
    red = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 0, 0); // 紅色背景
    yellow = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 0); // 黃色星星
  
    // 畫紅色背景
    gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, width, height, red);
  
    // 設置星星的大小和位置
    int star_size = (int)(0.28 * height);
    int star_x = (int)(0.165 * width);
    int star_y = (int)(0.265 * height);
  
    // 畫大星星
    draw_star(img, star_x, star_y, star_size, yellow, 11.0);
  
    // 繪製小星星，位置根據實際國旗比例計算
    double radius = 0.15 * height;
    double angle = 360 / 7 * M_PI / 179.0;
    double rotation = -M_PI / 7.5;
    int cx = (int)(0.32 * width);
    int cy = (int)(0.27 * height);
  
    for (int i = -1; i < 3; i++) {
        int x = (int)(cx + radius * cos(i * angle + rotation));
        int y = (int)(cy + radius * sin(i * angle + rotation));
        draw_star(img, x, y, 19, yellow, M_PI / 5.0);
    }
}
  
void draw_star(gdImagePtr img, int x, int y, int size, int color, double rotation_angle) {
    gdPoint points[10];
  
    // 計算星形的五個外點和五個內點
    double outer_radius = size / 2;
    double inner_radius = size / 6;
    double angle = M_PI / 5.0;
  
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        double radius = (i % 2 == 0) ? outer_radius : inner_radius;
        double theta = rotation_angle + i * angle;
        points[i].x = x + radius * cos(theta);
        points[i].y = y + radius * sin(theta);
    }
  
    // 使用 gdImageFilledPolygon 繪製星形
    gdImageFilledPolygon(img, points, 10, color);
}

6.繪製美國國旗

#include <stdio.h>
#include <gd.h>
#include <math.h>

// 函式原型
void draw_usa_flag(gdImagePtr img);
void draw_star(gdImagePtr img, int x, int y, int size, int color, double rotation_angle);

int main() {
// 設定圖像寬度和高度
int width = 800;
int height = (int)(width / 1.9);

// 創建圖像
gdImagePtr img = gdImageCreateTrueColor(width, height);
gdImageAlphaBlending(img, 0);

// 繪製美國國旗
draw_usa_flag(img);

// 將圖像保存到文件
FILE *outputFile = fopen("./../images/usa_flag.png", "wb");
if (outputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "打開輸出文件時出錯。\n");
return 1;
}

gdImagePngEx(img, outputFile, 9);
fclose(outputFile);
gdImageDestroy(img);

return 0;
}

// 繪製美國國旗的具體實現
void draw_usa_flag(gdImagePtr img) {
int width = gdImageSX(img);
int height = gdImageSY(img);
int red, white, blue;
// 國旗顏色
red = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 178, 34, 52); // 紅色條紋
white = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 255, 255, 255); // 白色條紋
blue = gdImageColorAllocate(img, 60, 59, 110); // 藍色矩形

int stripe_height = 33;
int stripe_width = width;
int star_size = (int)(0.0308 * height); // 星星大小

// 繪製條紋
for (int y = 0; y < height; y += stripe_height) {
if (y / stripe_height % 2 == 0) {
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, y, stripe_width, y + stripe_height, red);
} else {
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, y, stripe_width, y + stripe_height, white);
}
}

// 繪製藍色矩形
gdImageFilledRectangle(img, 0, 0, width * 2 / 5, stripe_height * 698 / 100, blue);

// 設定星星相關參數
int star_spacing_x = (int)(0.129 * height); // 橫向星星之間的間距
int star_spacing_y = (int)(0.054 * height); // 縱向星星之間的間距
int star_start_x = (int)(0.125 * height); // 星星的起始X位置
int star_start_y = (int)(0.06 * height); // 星星的起始Y位置

// 繪製星星
for (int row = 0; row < 9; row++) {
int starsPerRow = (row % 2 == 0) ? 6 : 5;

// 計算2、4、6和8排星星的偏移量
int offset_x = (row % 2 == 0) ? star_spacing_x / -2 : 0;

for (int star = 0; star < starsPerRow; star++) {
int x = star_start_x + star * star_spacing_x + offset_x;

// 旋轉角度（以弧度為單位）
double rotation_angle = M_PI / 5; // 忘記多少度的旋轉

int y = star_start_y + row * star_spacing_y;
draw_star(img, x, y, star_size, white, rotation_angle);
}
}
}

// 繪製星星的函式
void draw_star(gdImagePtr img, int x, int y, int size, int color, double rotation_angle) {
gdPoint points[10];

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
double angle = M_PI / 2 + i * 2 * M_PI / 10 + rotation_angle;
int radius = (i % 2 == 0) ? size : size / 2;
points[i].x = x + radius * cos(angle);
points[i].y = y + radius * sin(angle);
}

// 用指定的顏色填充星星
gdImageFilledPolygon(img, points, 10, color);
}




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